Dental Health Health Center

Tooth Decay:

• Tooth decay is typically caused by a build-up of bacteria and food that change into acids. These acids can cause holes in the teeth, which can cause cavities. These bacteria and acids also cause a sticky substance called plaque to form and stick to your teeth. If plaque is left untreated, it can turn into a substance called tartar that can cause further damage to your teeth and gums.
• Carbohydrates, sticky foods, and frequent snacking can all increase the risk of tooth decay.

Gum Disease:

• Gum diseases are typically caused by a sticky, colorless plaque that forms through a combination of bacteria, mucus, and other particles. Brushing and flossing your teeth can help get rid of plaque. However, if it is not removed, the plaque can harden and form tartar that brushing doesn’t clean. Only a professional cleaning by a dentist or dental hygienist can remove tartar.

Dry Mouth:

• Dry mouth occurs when the salivary glands that make saliva don't work properly. There are many over-the-counter and prescription medicines, as well as diseases such as diabetes, Parkinson's disease and Sjogren's syndrome, that can affect the salivary glands and cause dry mouth.  Other causes of dry mouth include certain cancer treatments and damage to the glands' nerve system. If you are unsure what is causing your dry mouth, contact your dentist or health care provider to set up an appointment.

Oral Cancer:

• Oral cancer typically involves the lips or the tongue but can also occur on the inner cheek lining, floor or roof of the mouth, and the gums. Smoking and tobacco use have also been linked to most cases of oral cancer.
• Other risk factors of oral cancer can include human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, chronic irritation, taking medications that weaken the immune system, and poor dental hygiene.