Vaginal rejuvenation is the umbrella term for all procedures that improve the vagina in some way. Women are generally interested in vaginal rejuvenation for one of three reasons. The first category includes procedures to fix recognized gynecological medical problems and is the most accepted and understood by doctors. The goal of this MEDICAL vaginal rejuvenation is to fix some form of pelvic organ prolapse, childbirth injury, urinary or fecal incontinence. Prolapse starts when a womans pelvic muscles and ligaments are weakened by childbirth or aging. This pelvic relaxation can allow adjacent organs, including the rectum, bladder, and uterus, to fall down into the vagina. These procedures have many names, such as colporrhaphy, uterine resuspension, rectocele repair, cystocele repair, enterocele repair, perineoplasty and others. Medical vaginal rejuvenation may also fix urinary incontinence, using procedures such as: urethral sling, urethral bulking injections, and bladder neuro-modulation implant. Vaginal laxity after childbirth may occur with or without concomitant prolapse, The operation for vaginal laxity is called perineoplasty. If not for medical reasons, a woman may seek vaginal rejuvenation to improve the APPEARANCE of her below-the-belt region. For example, a woman may want to reduce or reshape her vaginal lips with labiaplasty. Or she may want to restore her hymen, the thin mucous membrane which partially covers the vagina at birth. The hymen is ruptured when a woman loses her virginity, so hymen restoration is typically sought by women from cultural backgrounds that mandate virginity on the wedding bed. Being primarily cosmetic or cultural, labiaplasty and hymenoplasty continue to spur debate. Complications are the same as for all cosmetic operations, and may include heavy bleeding, infection, numbness, chronic pain, and, being genital operations, negative impact on sexual function. The third motivation for vaginal rejuvenation surgery is to enhance SEXUAL GRATIFICATION. Examples of these controversial operations are G-spot augmentation, where collagen or other bulking filler is injected into the skin of the front wall of the vagina to temporarily enlarge the erotic Grafenberg spot, and Clitoral un-hooding, where the normal folds overlying the clitoris are surgically removed, allegedly to improve clitoral sensations by literally removing the protective covering. The effectiveness and safety of these sexual enhancement procedures are not known. Complications may include heavy bleeding, infection of the clitoris, numbness, pain, and sexual dysfunction. Knowing this, some women choose less invasive, self-dictated methods of vaginal rejuvenation. For example, Kegel exercises may help improve bladder control, strengthen vaginal muscles, and improve orgasms. And topically applied estrogen may help boost sexual arousal and restore clitoral sensitivity and vaginal lubrication after menopause. For whatever reason a woman seeks vaginal rejuvenation, there are a PLETHORA of options to help her! To learn more about all of these procedures, check out other videos on this website.