Sometimes, a significant life change or problem can be so overwhelming that it results in anxiety, depression and inability to go about daily activities, at which point it becomes Adjustment Disorder. Adjustment Disorder, often called Situational Depression, is a relatively common short-term condition that occurs when a person has an abnormal and excessive reaction to a particular stressor, positive or negative, such as a major life event, loss of a loved one or any unexpected change. Most people are able to adjust to stressful events within a few months. With Adjustment Disorder, however, sufferers are unable to cope with the stress and may experience a variety of symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Symptoms of Adjustment Disorder vary according to the intensity of the triggering situation, as well as the personal significance it has for a particular individual, but may include sadness, anxiety, hopelessness and loss of interest in everyday activities. Adjustment Disorder may also cause physical symptoms ranging from headaches and stomachaches to agitation, palpitations, lethargy and twitching. A number of behavioral symptoms may be present as well, such as changes in eating and sleeping habits, difficulty concentrating, isolation, missing work and engaging in destructive or reckless behavior such as using alcohol or drugs. These symptoms typically begin within three months of the stressful event and seldom last longer than six months beyond the original incident that triggered the stress. The circumstances triggering Adjustment Disorder include virtually any situation an individual perceives as stressful, from positive events like getting married or having a baby, to financial difficulties, divorce, job loss, serious illness, unexpected tragedy, or a disastrous event such as an earthquake, fire or flood. While Adjustment Disorder can affect anyone of any age, and is typically experienced equally by both men and women, it occurs most commonly during times of major life transitions such as during adolescence, middle age and in the elderly. An individual's susceptibility to Adjustment Disorder may also involve changes in brain chemicals called neurotransmitters, especially serotonin, which helps regulate mood. Personality, temperament, well-being, life experiences and family history are each thought to play a role as well. In many cases, the symptoms of Adjustment Disorder are resolved on their own through the individual's gradual adaptation to the stressful situation or event. But if symptoms become so overwhelming that it becomes difficult to get through the day, it's wise to see your doctor. There are no clinical tests for Adjustment Disorder, but it's important to rule out any medical conditions that could be causing your symptoms. It's likely that your doctor will refer you to a mental health professional. Diagnosing Adjustment Disorder involves meeting criteria stated by the American Psychiatric Association in the DSM IV manual. Your mental health professional will need to confirm the presence of emotional or behavioral symptoms occurring within three months of a stressful event including marked distress in excess of what would typically be expected by the particular stressor, and a significant impairment in functioning. Treatment for Adjustment Disorder typically includes supportive psychotherapy that assists sufferers in putting the stressor in perspective and helps optimize coping skills. Anti-anxiety medications may be suggested for short-term relief of anxiety or insomnia. Some sufferers find it helpful to discuss their feelings in a support group setting with others who are coping with similar situations. Family therapy may be beneficial as well. Fortunately, Adjustment Disorder typically gets better within six months without any remaining symptoms. If you, or someone you know, may be suffering from Adjustment Disorder, please consult a mental health professional.