Scleroderma

Scleroderma is a group of diseases that cause abnormal growth, hardening, and thickening of connective tissue. There are two major classifications of scleroderma, localized scleroderma and systemic sclerosis.

The symptoms of scleroderma depend on the part of the body affected and the extent which they are affected. Localized Scleroderma may produce waxy patches on the skin of varying sizes, shapes and color. The skin under the patches may thicken. Systemic scleroderma can involve the skin, esophagus, gastrointestinal tract (stomach and bowels), lungs, kidneys, heart and other internal organs. Symptoms may include calcium deposits in connective tissues, raynaud's phenomenon, swelling of the esophagus, and thick and tight skin on the fingers.

The cause of scleroderma is unknown. Although scleroderma can develop at every age group, it most often appears between the ages of 25 to 55. It is generally believed that the disease develops in response to inflammation and the overproduction of collagen.

There is no cure for scleroderma, but there are treatments for symptoms and complications. Calcium Channel blockers can be used to treat Raynaud’s phenomenon and treat high blood pressure. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Naprosyn, Aleve), are used to help manage inflammation, swelling, stiffness and joint pain. Corticosteroids are used to reduce swelling, redness, itching and allergic reactions. 

The cause is unknown. Scleroderma is not contagious, inherited, infectious, cancerous or malignant.

Although scleroderma can develop at every age group, it most often appears between the ages of 25 to 55.

Risk factors:

• Scleroderma is more common in women than men.
• Localized scleroderma is more common in children.
• Systemic scleroderma is more common in adults.
• Race and ethnic background
• • Localized types of scleroderma tends to be more common in people of European descent compared to African Americans.
  • Systemic types of scleroderma are more common in African Americans in comparison to those European descent.

See your doctor for thickening or tightening skin, fingers that turn white or blue in the cold (Raynaud's), or heartburn and swallowing problems. Seek prompt care for shortness of breath, which can signal lung or heart involvement.